Improvement in hydraulic elevators



3 Sheets--Sheet 1.

1. s. manson. Hydraulic-Elevators.

Patented Feb. 17, 1874.

NaN-7,518.

Hill

3 Sheets--Sheet 2.

1.S.P|EHSN. Hyd'raulicllevators.

Patented Feb.17,1874.

SSheets--Sheet3- l. S. PI'ERSN.

Hydraulic-Elevators.

Patented Feb. 17, 1874.

We 2327/0 /f mi@ e@ Je;

JAMES S. PIERSON, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK.

IMPROVEMENT IN HYDRAULIC ELEVATORS.

EBpecilicationl forming part of Letters Patent No. 147,515, dated Feb: nary 17, 1874; application'filed Juno 9, 1873.

.To all whom it may concer-71E Q Beit known that I, JAMES S. Brunson, of Brooklyn, in the county of Kings and State of N ew York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Hydraulic Elevators; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof,

` reference bein g had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

'Ihe nature of my invention relates to the construction and arrangement of an elevator, such as is used in hotels, warerooms, Src., and the object is to produce a hydraulic elevator which shall not only be less liable to accident, but cheaper, more effectual, and steadier in its motion, as will be hereinafter more fully set forth.

ln order to enable others skilled in the art to which my invention appertains to make and use the same, I will nowproceed to describe its construction and operation, referring to the annexed drawing, in which--` Figure lis a vertical section of my improved elevator. Fig-2 is a side view of the same, and Fig. 3 is a horizontal section.

A represents the iioor, upon which is situated four vertical standards, B B, or any other suitable number, attached to the dierent stories of the building, and held at the top by suitable cross-beams. Guided by these standards is the car C of the elevator, and also the telescopic tubes D Dl D2, by an equal number of arms, E E, projecting from the stuffing-boxes.

rllhe outer ends of said arms are eachprovided with a friction-roller, a. The telescopic tubes are placed with the smallest, D, uppermost, which is attached to the floor of the car C. These tubes may be of any dimensions and any number desired. b b are sheaves for carrying the starting and stopping rope d, said rope passing around grooved pulleys b1 and b2, for working the four-way cock c, and the threeway cock cl, situated in the pipes G and G', respectively. G is the pipe leading from the cylinder H to the telescopic tubes, its other end being fixed to an upright foundation, D3, which answers as the lower end of the series of telescopic tubes. This cylinder H is a water-cylinder, provided with a piston', which is connected to a similar steam-piston in a steaming over two grooved pulleys, K K. a is a` friction-roller inthe ends of one of the arms E of each set of arms, and is placed on the outer end of a stem, if, placed horizontally in a box or casing inserted in the end of the arm, and around said stem is a spring, i, to throw the stem and roller outward into notches on the standards B. The purpose of the rolls in each set of arms is to cause the' tubes to rise at different times, the smallest to rise first, and so on. It will be evident, without further description, that if the smallest tube is raised irst, and then the next smallest in regular order, instead of all being forced up at one and the same time, or one drawing up the other, there will be no lost motion or jerking of the car as it is being elevated. Upon the band or rope J, where it passes through the arms E, is a collar, on, upon which rests a loose sleeve, a, pressed downward on said collar by a spring, o. The sleeve u is directly against the inner end of the stem k, and hence this cannot move inward to release the roller from the notch in the standard until the band or rope has been raised sufficiently for the collars m to raise the sleeves a, as shown in iigure. One end of the band or rope'J is attached to the upper and the other to the lower side of the floor of the car O, so that the movement of the car will cause the band to move and release the rollers j ust as soon as the sections of the telescopic tube have been extended in succession. rlhe rope J, through the ordinary shaft and bevel-gears at the base of the elevator, rotates the governor in the usual manner. rEhe steam and water cylinders, arranged and workin g in connection with the governor, which latter is operated automatically by the rope J, give a uniform and steady movement to the car, both in ascending and descending. I do not wish to claim a governor of itself, nor the cylinders of themselves; but the combination oftl'lem all, and the other essential degg r147,518

vices that produce this uniform movement, as is fully set, forth. Attached to and connected with the tube l) is a cylinder, L, in whichworks a piston, p, connected with a lever, M, and the ends ot' said lever connected with latches N N, which are pivoted to the under side of the iioor ot the car (l. a is an. elongated slot in tube l), through which, and in which, the lever M passes and moves. This piston is forced upward by the pressure of the water, which raises the tube l), thereby withdrawing the latches N N from the ratchets i' 1'. \Vhen the pressure is removed, the weight ot the piston and lever forces the latches into the ratchets. Thestuiiing-boxes and couplings in the telescopic tubes may be constructed in any suitable manner, only so that when one section has been raised it will lift the next succeeding section, and so on to the last. lhe cylinder' H and pipe Gr, leading to the telescopic tubes, are filled with water or other liuids. Steam is then admitted to the cylinder ll through the pipe Gr from a boiler by means otl the threeway cock el, which steam acts on the piston in the cylinder II', thereby operating the piston in the water-cylimler Il, to force the -wa-ter out ot' said cylinder into the telescopic tubes, which extends them and raises the car t). The iiow of steam into and out ot' the cylinder ll', and otl water into and out ot' the telescopic tubes, is controlled by the workin g ot the cocks c e, operated bythe rope (l in the handset' the operator as he stands in the car or on any tioor ot the building. For instance, if he desires the car to rise, he draws the rope upward slightly, which turns the cocks e c1 and opens them, admitting steam to the cylinder Irl through the pipe G, and water from the cylinder II through the pipe (lv to the telescopic tubes. It' 11e desires to stop the car, he gives the rope a downward pull, which closes thecocks. 'lo lower the car, a further downward pull is given to the rope, which opens the cock e, and permits the water in the tubes to return to the cylinder Il by the .pressure of the weight of the vertically-sliding parts, and opens the cock el, forming a passage through the pipe G and through the exhausting-pipe to the atmosphere or to a condenser.

' E By using a water-cylinder in connection with a steam-cylinder, I get a perfectly steady flow ot' water into the tubes when the car is rising.

l To prevent accidents, the arms E E are connected horizontally by a series of ropes or rods, S S, forming as it were a net-work over the spaces between said arms.

The telescopic tubes are each just as long as the distance between each floor of the building. For instance, tube D2 is of the length of the distance between the first and second stories, the tube D1 of the distance between the second and third stories, and so on 5 consequently, when the tubes are extended, the arms E E will be elevated by them, and brought just even or tiush with the floors, thus forming a hatch at each oor, across which a person could walk on the net-work in safety. Were it not for the net-work across the arms at each floor, the car-passage would be lettv open at each iioor when the car was up, and

there would be danger of falling through said openings.

llavin thus fully described my invention, what l claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Iatent, is-

l. 'lhe combination of the steam-cylinder ll, water-cylinder II, pipes Gr G', the governor I, with its mechanism for opening and closing the valve I, the telescopic tubes, and the rope Il, as and for the purpose set forth.

2. The combination of tube l), provided with an elongated slot, n', with lever M, passin g through and working in said slot, and arranged as and for the purpose set forth.

3. The combination of the friction-roller a, stem 1.', spring' Il', and the band or rope J with collar lm, sleeve m, and spring O, all substantially as and for the purposes herein set forth.

et. The combination ofthe piston p, lever M, and latchesNN, constructed and arranged to operate substantially z s and forthe purposes herein set forth.

5. The combination, in an eleva-tor, ot' the telescopic tubes, the arms E, and net-work s s, as and for thepurpose set forth. In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own I attix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

JAMES S. IIERSON.

Witnesses:

JOHN A. ELLis, EDwAuoE. Emis. 

